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Sleep-wake

Insomnia

Difficulty starting or maintaining sleep, or waking up too early, at least three nights a week for three months, with tiredness or discomfort during the day.

Common signs

Takes a long time to fall asleep or wakes up a lotTiredness and irritability during the dayWorrying about not sleeping

Tips

For you

  1. Always get up at the same time
  2. Use the bed only for sleeping; if you can't sleep, get up and come back when sleepy
  3. Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia is the treatment of choice

For family and friends

  1. Respect their fixed wake-up time
  2. Avoid screens and arguments before bed

When to ask for help

  1. If it lasts more than three months
  2. If you feel sleepy when driving

Guidance test

Answer thinking about the last few weeks. There are 8 questions and you get your result straight away. Your answers are not saved or sent.

0 of 8
1. It takes me more than half an hour to fall asleep
2. I wake up several times during the night
3. I wake up too early and can't get back to sleep
4. I wake up tired
5. During the day I'm irritable or have no energy
6. I worry about not being able to sleep
7. Tiredness makes it hard for me to concentrate
8. It happens to me at least three nights a week
Also take the full insomnia test →

Free resources

Downloadable PDF sheetSigns, tips and resources to print or saveFull article: InsomniaFree resource from Clínica VivaldiSpanish Sleep Society: information for patientsFree external resourceAll our free guidesFree resource from Clínica Vivaldi

Related disorders

Hypersomnolence disorderSleep-wakeNarcolepsySleep-wakeObstructive sleep apnoeaSleep-wakeDisorder of the circadian rhythm of sleep-wakeSleep-wake

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Reviewed by María Teresa Fernández Vicente, health psychologist and neuropsychologist (registration no. CV17304), in November 2026. Educational information prepared by the Clínica Vivaldi team based on the DSM-5-TR classification. It does not replace a professional assessment and cannot be used to diagnose.