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Depressive

Depression (major depressive disorder)

Low mood or loss of interest almost every day for at least two weeks, with changes in sleep, appetite, energy, concentration and self-image.

Common signs

Sadness, emptiness or loss of interestTiredness and changes in sleep and appetiteGuilt, hopelessness or thoughts of death

Tips

For you

  1. Get your day going with small pleasant or useful tasks, even if you don't feel like it
  2. Talk to someone you trust and ask for professional help
  3. If at any point you think about harming yourself, call 024 or 112. You don't have to go through this alone.

For family and friends

  1. Offer company for simple activities, without pressure
  2. Listen without minimising ("cheer up") or lecturing

When to ask for help

  1. If they talk about death or harming themselves: 024 or 112
  2. If they stop eating, getting up or looking after themselves

Are you having a really hard time? If you're thinking of harming yourself, call 024 (free, 24 hours) or 112.

Guidance test

Answer thinking about the last few weeks. There are 8 questions and you get your result straight away. Your answers are not saved or sent.

0 of 8
1. I feel sad, empty or hopeless
2. I have lost interest in things I used to enjoy
3. I find it hard to sleep or I sleep too much
4. I feel tired or have no energy
5. My appetite has decreased or increased
6. I find it hard to concentrate or make decisions
7. I feel guilty or worthless
8. I find everyday tasks hard
Also take the full depression test →

Free resources

Downloadable PDF sheetSigns, tips and resources to print or saveFull article: DepressionFree resource from Clínica VivaldiFree guide: DepressionFree resource from Clínica Vivaldi024 suicide crisis line (Spain, free, 24 h)Free external resource

Related disorders

Disruptive mood dysregulation disorderDepressivePersistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)DepressivePremenstrual dysphoric disorderDepressivePerinatal and postpartum depressionDepressive

Would you like to talk it through with a professional?

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Reviewed by María Teresa Fernández Vicente, health psychologist and neuropsychologist (registration no. CV17304), in November 2026. Educational information prepared by the Clínica Vivaldi team based on the DSM-5-TR classification. It does not replace a professional assessment and cannot be used to diagnose.