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Neurocognitive

Major neurocognitive disorder (dementia)

Major impairment of memory or other functions (language, orientation, planning) that interferes with autonomy. It may be due to Alzheimer's, vascular problems, Lewy bodies, and other causes.

Common signs

Forgetfulness that affects daily lifeDisorientationChanges in behaviour or personality

Tips

For you

  1. Neuropsychological and neurological assessment
  2. Cognitive stimulation and stable routines
  3. Look after the carer too

For family and friends

  1. Stable routines and a safe environment
  2. Look after yourself too: ask for respite and support

When to ask for help

  1. Ask for a neurological and neuropsychological assessment
  2. If there is a sudden worsening, go to A&E

Warning signs

List of warning signs. Tick "Yes" for the ones you have noticed. There are 8 questions and you get your result straight away. Your answers are not saved or sent.

0 of 8
1. Forgets recent conversations or events
2. Repeats the same questions
3. Gets lost in familiar places
4. Finds it hard to manage money or medication
5. Has trouble finding words
6. Their personality has changed
7. Has given up hobbies or activities
8. Needs help with tasks they used to do alone

Free resources

Downloadable PDF sheetSigns, tips and resources to print or saveCEAFA: Spanish Alzheimer's ConfederationFree external resourceAll our free guidesFree resource from Clínica Vivaldi

Related disorders

Delirium (acute confusional state)NeurocognitiveMild neurocognitive disorder (mild cognitive decline)Neurocognitive

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Reviewed by María Teresa Fernández Vicente, health psychologist and neuropsychologist (registration no. CV17304), in November 2026. Educational information prepared by the Clínica Vivaldi team based on the DSM-5-TR classification. It does not replace a professional assessment and cannot be used to diagnose.